Glutathione

Glutathione is a tripeptide antioxidant — composed of glycine, cysteine, and glutamate — synthesised endogenously in virtually all mammalian cells. It exists in reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) forms, and the GSH:GSSG ratio is a recognised index of cellular oxidative stress. It has been characterised as the most abundant antioxidant in aerobic cells.

Research has examined roles in oxidative defence, inflammation, skin biology, and reproductive cell preservation, spanning both preclinical animal models and human studies.